Multidisciplinary treatment of thyroid cancer during pregnancy / 中国实用外科杂志

The diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer during pregnancy is one of the hot spots and difficult problems in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases.The detection of thyroid cancer during pregnancy has been a great challenge for both clinicians and pregnant women.It should be diagnosed as soon as possible through multidisciplinary collaboration. Comprehensive and reasonable assessment of the status of pregnant women and fetuses,selection of the most appropriate treatment and follow-up methods are needed to avoid iatrogenic side effects on pregnant women and fetuses,maintain normal pregnancy and obtain the best therapeutic effect.

Prognostic Impact of Cell Division Cycle Associated 2 Expression on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<strong>Objective</strong> To examine the expression of cell division cycle associated 2 (CDCA 2) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and investigate its role in prognosis of PDAC patients. <strong>Methods</strong> This retrospective study included 155 PDAC patients who underwent surgical treatment and complete post-operative follow-up. Clinicopathologic data were collected through clinical database. Tissue microarray was constructed and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect CDCA2 expression in the PDAC tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Clinicopathological characteristics between high and low CDCA2 expression were compared. Correlation of CDCA2 expressions with patients' survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. <strong>Results</strong> Expression of CDCA2 in PDAC cells was significantly higher than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues (U=4056.5, P<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that CDCA2 expression [hazard ratio (HR)=1.574, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.014-2.443, P=0.043] and node metastasis (HR=1.704, 95%CI=1.183-2.454, P=0.004) were significantly associated with prognosis. Cox regression analysis showed CDCA2 expression was not an independent prognostic risk factor (HR=1.418, 95%CI=0.897-2.242, P=0.135) for PDCA patients. Stratification survival analysis demonstrated CDCA2 expression as an independent prognostic risk factor in male patients (HR=2.554, 95%CI=1.446-4.511, P=0.003) or in non-perineural invasion patients (HR=2.290, 95%CI=1.146-4.577, P=0.012). <strong>Conclusions</strong> CDCA2 is highly expressed in PDAC tumor tissue. Although CDCA2 is not an independent prognostic risk factor for PDAC patients, it might be used to help predict prognosis of male or non-perineural invasion patients of PDAC.

Prognostic Impact of Cell Division Cycle Associated 2 Expression on Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To examine the expression of cell division cycle associated 2 (CDCA 2) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and investigate its role in prognosis of PDAC patients. Methods This retrospective study included 155 PDAC patients who underwent surgical treatment and complete post-operative follow-up. Clinicopathologic data were collected through clinical database. Tissue microarray was constructed and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect CDCA2 expression in the PDAC tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. Clinicopathological characteristics between high and low CDCA2 expression were compared. Correlation of CDCA2 expressions with patients' survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Results Expression of CDCA2 in PDAC cells was significantly higher than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues (U=4056.5, P<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that CDCA2 expression [hazard ratio (HR)=1.574, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.014-2.443, P=0.043] and node metastasis (HR=1.704, 95%CI=1.183-2.454, P=0.004) were significantly associated with prognosis. Cox regression analysis showed CDCA2 expression was not an independent prognostic risk factor (HR=1.418, 95%CI=0.897-2.242, P=0.135) for PDCA patients. Stratification survival analysis demonstrated CDCA2 expression as an independent prognostic risk factor in male patients (HR=2.554, 95%CI=1.446-4.511, P=0.003) or in non-perineural invasion patients (HR=2.290, 95%CI=1.146-4.577, P=0.012). Conclusions CDCA2 is highly expressed in PDAC tumor tissue. Although CDCA2 is not an independent prognostic risk factor for PDAC patients, it might be used to help predict prognosis of male or non-perineural invasion patients of PDAC.

Risk Factors of Lymphnode Metastasis in Patients with Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma Associated with Graves Disease / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To summarize the characteristics of lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma accompanied with Graves disease,and to provide evidence for clinical treatment. Methods Totally 98 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and Graves disease who had been treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2004 to December 2013 were divided into the lymph node metastasis positive group (n=34) and lymph node metastasis negative group (n=64). The general information,blood biochemical results,pathological results,and prognoses were compared between these two groups. Results These two groups showed no significant differences in gender (χ=0.2113,P=0.6458),age (t=1.7000,P=0.0922),tumor diameter (t=1.2559,P=0.2122),and multifocal tumors (χ=1.9170,P=0.1661). The median level of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TR-Ab) value in the lymph node metastasis positive group was 4.84 U/L,which was significantly higher than that in the negative group which was 2.99 U/L (t=2.0169,P=0.0465). There were no significant differences in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (t=0.0257,P=0.9800),free triiodothyronine (t=1.3610,P=0.1770),free thyroxine (t=0.0082,P=0.9930),thyroid peroxidase antibody (t=0.0177,P=0.9860),and thyroglobulin antibody levels (t=1.1450,P=0.2550) between two groups. The postoperative pathological results showed that tumor capsular invasion rate (26.5% vs. 9.38%;χ=5.006,P=0.0253) and lymph node recurrence rate (14.7% vs. 1.56%;χ=4.583,P=0.0323) were significantly higher in the positive group than in the negative group. The distal metastasis rate in the positive group and negative group were 5.88% and 0,respectively. Conclusions There is no definite association between lymph node metastasis and tumor size in patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma associated with Graves disease. The risk factors for lymph node metastasis include TR-Ab and tumor capsular invasion,with a higher incidence of lymph nodes recurrence.

Changes in the Expression of Glucose-regulated Protein 78 in the Occurrence and Progression of Pancreatic Cancer in Mouse Models / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes in the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in the occurrence and progression of pancreatic cancer in mouse models.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mouse models of chronic pancreatitis,pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN), and pancreatic cancer were successfully established by dimethyl benzene and anthracene (DMBA) embedding in situ. GRP78 expression was detected in various stages by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of these 60 mouse models, 18 mice (30%) died during the observation period. Two months after the embedding,the survived mice were sacrificed,and HE staining and IHC staining were performed. Among these mice, 9 (15%) developed chronic pancreatitis; 18 (30%) had PanIN [PanIN1,5 (8.3%);P anIN2,9 (15%); and PanIN 3,4 (6.7%)];15 (25%) developed pancreatic cancer. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of GRP78 in pancreatic cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent noncancerous duct cells (χ(2)=13.39,P =0.000). Also, GRP78 expression in pancreatic cancer tissue and high grade PanIN was significantly higher than that in low grade PanIN and chronic pancreatitis (χ(2)=17.84,P=0.000).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of GRP78 remarkably differs in different stages of pancreatic cancer and therefore is associated with the occurrence and progression of this disease.</p>

The effect of hepatitis B virus X protein on the expression of CtIP in HepG2 Cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

To investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus X protein(HBx) on CtBP-interacting protein(CtIP) which is an important repair factor of DNA double strand break damage in HepG2 cells induced by bleomycin. A HBx stably expressing HepG2 cell line and a control HepG2 cell line with empty vector transfected were established. After the double strand break (DSB) damage occurred, the mRNA and protein levels of CtIP were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot assay respectively, cell cycle profiles and apoptotic cell death were determined by a flow cytometry, and the position of CtIP in cells was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. It showed that HepG2 cells transfected with hepatitis B virus X gene could stably express HBx protein. After being induced by bleomycin, the percentage of apoptotic cell was 16.90%+/-0.89% in HBx stably expressing HepG2 cell line and 15.30%+/-0.86% in control cell line, respectively (q = 2.074, P is more than to 0.05). While the percentage of death cell was 8.71%+/-0.74% in HBx stably expressing HepG2 cell line and 4.90%+/-0.46% in control cell line, respectively (q = 7.126, P is less than to 0.01). The two cell lines manifested the increase of G2/M arrest and significant difference existed between the two cell lines. HBx down regulated the expression levels of CtIP and its mRNA. The CtIP level was 0.66+/-0.04 in HepG2-HBx cell and 0.73+/-0.05 in HepG2-vec cell, respectively (t = 2.314, P is less than to 0.05). The relative mRNA level was 1.00+/-0.06 in HepG2-HBx cell and 1.23+/-0.08 in HepG2-vec cell, respectively (t = 2. 732, P is less than to 0.05). We also found that CtIP was concentrated in the cell nucleus. The research suggests that HBx may affect DNA-repair pathways by disrupting the expression of CtIP.